Japanese Language Guide for Beginner て 形 (te kei) Part III - Lesson 16

 た形 (ta- kei)

The た-form of verbs is the conjugation form of verbs that ends with た or だ. 

It is for the past of verbs.

The ます - form of a verb can be changed to the た-form as follows.

There are three groups of た 形。

• 1st group.

The verbs belonging to the first group are changed in various ways to create the た 形.

☞⁠ When ます is removed from a verb, when there are い、ち、り, that letter is also removed and った  is added.

Buy - かいます (kaimasu) ➝かった (katta) 

Stand - たちます (tachimasu) ➝ たった (tatta)

Run - はしります (hashirimasu) ➝ はしった (hashitta)

☞⁠ When ます is removed from a verb, when there are に、み、び、 that letter is also removed and んだ is added.

Die - しにます (shinimasu) ➝ しんだ (shinda) 

Read - よみます (yomimasu) ➝ よんだ (yonda) 

Fly - とびます (tobimasu) ➝ とんだ (tonda) 

☞⁠ When ます is removed from a verb, when there are き that letter is also removed and いた is added.

Write - かきます (kakimasu) ➝ かいた (kaita) 

☞⁠ When ます is removed, even if there is a き, only いきます changes, not like this

Go - いきます (ikimasu) ➝ いった (itta) 

☞⁠ When ます is removed from a verb, when there are ぎ that letter is also removed and いだ is added.

Swim - およぎます (oyogimasu) ➝ およいだ (oyoida) 

☞⁠ When ます is removed from a verb, when there are し that letter is also removed and した is added.

Talk - はなします (hanashimasu) ➝ はなした (hanashita) 

• 2nd group.

☞⁠ When ます is removed from a verb, if there is a character in the "えrow" , the character た is added after it without any change.

Eat - たべます (tabemasu) ➝ たべた (tabete)

Sleep - ねます (nemasu) ➝ ねた (nete)

Teach - おしえます (oshiemasu) ➝ おしえた (oshiete) 

Collect - あつめます ➝ あつめた (atsumeta)

Put in - いれます ➝ いれた (ireta)

Show - みせます ➝ みせた (miseta)

Stop - とめます ➝ とめた (tometa)

Open - あけます ➝ あけた (aketa)

Get tired - つかれます ➝ つかれた (tsukareta)

Leave - でます ➝ でた (deta)

Hang up(picture on the wall) - かけます ➝ かけた (kaketa)

Raise - あげます ➝ あげた (ageta)

• 3rd group.

☞⁠ Only します and きます fall into this group.

Do - します (shimasu) ➝ した (shita)

Come - きます (kimasu)  ➝ きた (kita)

Lesson by - 

Sathsara Gamage

Japanese Language Coach